Guide to Integrating the Workspace on iOS
Guide to Integrating the Workspace on iOS
This guide provides detailed instructions on how to integrate the GPTBots Workspace into an iOS app, including permission requests, native and H5 interaction, and other related configurations.
GPTBots also provides a DEMO project for the Workspace to help you get started quickly. iOS DEMO project: ios-webview-bridge
Basic Configuration Requirements
- iOS 13.0 or later
- Xcode 12.0 or later
- Swift 5.0 or later
Adding the Required Frameworks
The project requires the following frameworks:
- WebKit
- AVFoundation (for microphone access)
- Photos (for photo library access)
- MobileCoreServices (for file selection)
On iOS 14 and later, you can also use:
#if canImport(UniformTypeIdentifiers)
import UniformTypeIdentifiers
#endif
#if canImport(UniformTypeIdentifiers)
import UniformTypeIdentifiers
#endif
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Configuring Info.plist
Add the following configuration to Info.plist:
<!-- 允许HTTP请求 -->
<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
<key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key>
<true/>
<key>NSExceptionDomains</key>
<dict>
<key>gptbots-auto.qa.jpushoa.com</key>
<dict>
<key>NSExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPLoads</key>
<true/>
<key>NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion</key>
<string>TLSv1.0</string>
<key>NSIncludesSubdomains</key>
<true/>
</dict>
</dict>
</dict>
<!-- 允许HTTP请求 -->
<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
<key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key>
<true/>
<key>NSExceptionDomains</key>
<dict>
<key>gptbots-auto.qa.jpushoa.com</key>
<dict>
<key>NSExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPLoads</key>
<true/>
<key>NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion</key>
<string>TLSv1.0</string>
<key>NSIncludesSubdomains</key>
<true/>
</dict>
</dict>
</dict>
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Permission Configuration
The app requires the following permissions:
Camera Permission
<key>NSCameraUsageDescription</key>
<string>This app needs to use the camera to support photo capture features in web pages</string>
<key>NSCameraUsageDescription</key>
<string>This app needs to use the camera to support photo capture features in web pages</string>
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Microphone Permission
<key>NSMicrophoneUsageDescription</key>
<string>This app needs to use the microphone to support audio recording features in web pages</string>
<key>NSMicrophoneUsageDescription</key>
<string>This app needs to use the microphone to support audio recording features in web pages</string>
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Photo Library Permission
<key>NSPhotoLibraryUsageDescription</key>
<string>This app needs to access your photo library to select images and video files</string>
<key>NSPhotoLibraryUsageDescription</key>
<string>This app needs to access your photo library to select images and video files</string>
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Document Access Permission
<key>NSDocumentUsageDescription</key>
<string>This app needs to access documents to support file upload features in web pages</string>
<key>NSDocumentUsageDescription</key>
<string>This app needs to access documents to support file upload features in web pages</string>
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Native and WebView Interaction
Creating the WebView Controller
Create a controller dedicated to displaying the WebView:
class WebViewController: UIViewController {
private var webView: WKWebView!
private var webViewBridge: WebViewBridge!
var urlString: String = ""
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
setupWebView()
setupWebViewBridge()
loadURL()
}
private func setupWebView() {
let configuration = WKWebViewConfiguration()
configuration.allowsInlineMediaPlayback = true
configuration.mediaTypesRequiringUserActionForPlayback = []
configuration.applicationNameForUserAgent = "WebViewApp/1.0"
webView = WKWebView(frame: view.bounds, configuration: configuration)
webView.autoresizingMask = [.flexibleWidth, .flexibleHeight]
webView.navigationDelegate = self
webView.uiDelegate = self
view.addSubview(webView)
}
private func loadURL() {
guard !urlString.isEmpty, let url = URL(string: urlString) else {
return
}
let request = URLRequest(url: url)
webView.load(request)
}
}
class WebViewController: UIViewController {
private var webView: WKWebView!
private var webViewBridge: WebViewBridge!
var urlString: String = ""
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
setupWebView()
setupWebViewBridge()
loadURL()
}
private func setupWebView() {
let configuration = WKWebViewConfiguration()
configuration.allowsInlineMediaPlayback = true
configuration.mediaTypesRequiringUserActionForPlayback = []
configuration.applicationNameForUserAgent = "WebViewApp/1.0"
webView = WKWebView(frame: view.bounds, configuration: configuration)
webView.autoresizingMask = [.flexibleWidth, .flexibleHeight]
webView.navigationDelegate = self
webView.uiDelegate = self
view.addSubview(webView)
}
private func loadURL() {
guard !urlString.isEmpty, let url = URL(string: urlString) else {
return
}
let request = URLRequest(url: url)
webView.load(request)
}
}
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Implementing the JavaScript Bridge
Create a bridge class for communication between native code and JavaScript:
class WebViewBridge: NSObject {
static let EVENT_CLICK = "click"
static let EVENT_MESSAGE = "message"
private weak var webView: WKWebView?
weak var delegate: WebViewBridgeDelegate?
init(webView: WKWebView, viewController: UIViewController) {
self.webView = webView
super.init()
}
func registerJSInterface() {
webView?.configuration.userContentController.add(self, name: "agentWebBridge")
}
func callH5(eventType: String, data: [String: Any]) {
let message: [String: Any] = [
"eventType": eventType,
"data": data
]
if let jsonData = try? JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: message),
let jsonString = String(data: jsonData, encoding: .utf8) {
let escapedJson = jsonString
.replacingOccurrences(of: "\\", with: "\\\\")
.replacingOccurrences(of: "'", with: "\\'")
.replacingOccurrences(of: "\"", with: "\\\"")
let jsCode = "window.onCallH5Message('\(escapedJson)')"
webView?.evaluateJavaScript(jsCode)
}
}
}
class WebViewBridge: NSObject {
static let EVENT_CLICK = "click"
static let EVENT_MESSAGE = "message"
private weak var webView: WKWebView?
weak var delegate: WebViewBridgeDelegate?
init(webView: WKWebView, viewController: UIViewController) {
self.webView = webView
super.init()
}
func registerJSInterface() {
webView?.configuration.userContentController.add(self, name: "agentWebBridge")
}
func callH5(eventType: String, data: [String: Any]) {
let message: [String: Any] = [
"eventType": eventType,
"data": data
]
if let jsonData = try? JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: message),
let jsonString = String(data: jsonData, encoding: .utf8) {
let escapedJson = jsonString
.replacingOccurrences(of: "\\", with: "\\\\")
.replacingOccurrences(of: "'", with: "\\'")
.replacingOccurrences(of: "\"", with: "\\\"")
let jsCode = "window.onCallH5Message('\(escapedJson)')"
webView?.evaluateJavaScript(jsCode)
}
}
}
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Implementing the WebView Delegate Methods
Implement the necessary WebView delegate methods to handle file selection, permission requests, and more:
extension WebViewController: WKUIDelegate {
// 处理文件上传
@available(iOS 18.4, *)
func webView(_ webView: WKWebView, runOpenPanelWith parameters: WKOpenPanelParameters,
initiatedByFrame frame: WKFrameInfo, completionHandler: @escaping ([URL]?) -> Void) {
let alert = UIAlertController(title: "Select File", message: nil, preferredStyle: .actionSheet)
alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "Select from Photos", style: .default) { _ in
self.presentImagePicker(completionHandler: completionHandler)
})
alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "Select from Files", style: .default) { _ in
self.presentDocumentPicker(completionHandler: completionHandler)
})
alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "Cancel", style: .cancel) { _ in
completionHandler(nil)
})
present(alert, animated: true)
}
// 处理媒体权限请求
@available(iOS 15.0, *)
func webView(_ webView: WKWebView, requestMediaCapturePermissionFor origin: WKSecurityOrigin,
initiatedByFrame frame: WKFrameInfo, type: WKMediaCaptureType,
decisionHandler: @escaping (WKPermissionDecision) -> Void) {
switch type {
case .microphone:
// 检查麦克风权限
switch AVAudioSession.sharedInstance().recordPermission {
case .granted:
decisionHandler(.grant)
case .denied:
decisionHandler(.deny)
case .undetermined:
AVAudioSession.sharedInstance().requestRecordPermission { granted in
DispatchQueue.main.async {
if granted {
decisionHandler(.grant)
} else {
decisionHandler(.deny)
}
}
}
@unknown default:
decisionHandler(.deny)
}
case .camera, .cameraAndMicrophone:
decisionHandler(.grant)
@unknown default:
decisionHandler(.deny)
}
}
}
extension WebViewController: WKUIDelegate {
// 处理文件上传
@available(iOS 18.4, *)
func webView(_ webView: WKWebView, runOpenPanelWith parameters: WKOpenPanelParameters,
initiatedByFrame frame: WKFrameInfo, completionHandler: @escaping ([URL]?) -> Void) {
let alert = UIAlertController(title: "Select File", message: nil, preferredStyle: .actionSheet)
alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "Select from Photos", style: .default) { _ in
self.presentImagePicker(completionHandler: completionHandler)
})
alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "Select from Files", style: .default) { _ in
self.presentDocumentPicker(completionHandler: completionHandler)
})
alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "Cancel", style: .cancel) { _ in
completionHandler(nil)
})
present(alert, animated: true)
}
// 处理媒体权限请求
@available(iOS 15.0, *)
func webView(_ webView: WKWebView, requestMediaCapturePermissionFor origin: WKSecurityOrigin,
initiatedByFrame frame: WKFrameInfo, type: WKMediaCaptureType,
decisionHandler: @escaping (WKPermissionDecision) -> Void) {
switch type {
case .microphone:
// 检查麦克风权限
switch AVAudioSession.sharedInstance().recordPermission {
case .granted:
decisionHandler(.grant)
case .denied:
decisionHandler(.deny)
case .undetermined:
AVAudioSession.sharedInstance().requestRecordPermission { granted in
DispatchQueue.main.async {
if granted {
decisionHandler(.grant)
} else {
decisionHandler(.deny)
}
}
}
@unknown default:
decisionHandler(.deny)
}
case .camera, .cameraAndMicrophone:
decisionHandler(.grant)
@unknown default:
decisionHandler(.deny)
}
}
}
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Implementing File Selection
extension WebViewController {
private func presentImagePicker(completionHandler: @escaping ([URL]?) -> Void) {
let picker = UIImagePickerController()
picker.delegate = self
picker.sourceType = .photoLibrary
picker.mediaTypes = ["public.image", "public.movie"]
fileUploadCallback = { url in
if let url = url {
completionHandler([url])
} else {
completionHandler(nil)
}
}
present(picker, animated: true)
}
private func presentDocumentPicker(completionHandler: @escaping ([URL]?) -> Void) {
let picker: UIDocumentPickerViewController
if #available(iOS 14.0, *) {
picker = UIDocumentPickerViewController(forOpeningContentTypes: [.data, .text, .image, .movie, .audio])
} else {
picker = UIDocumentPickerViewController(documentTypes: [
"public.data",
"public.text",
"public.image",
"public.movie",
"public.audio"
], in: .import)
}
picker.delegate = self
picker.allowsMultipleSelection = false
fileUploadCallback = { url in
if let url = url {
completionHandler([url])
} else {
completionHandler(nil)
}
}
present(picker, animated: true)
}
}
extension WebViewController {
private func presentImagePicker(completionHandler: @escaping ([URL]?) -> Void) {
let picker = UIImagePickerController()
picker.delegate = self
picker.sourceType = .photoLibrary
picker.mediaTypes = ["public.image", "public.movie"]
fileUploadCallback = { url in
if let url = url {
completionHandler([url])
} else {
completionHandler(nil)
}
}
present(picker, animated: true)
}
private func presentDocumentPicker(completionHandler: @escaping ([URL]?) -> Void) {
let picker: UIDocumentPickerViewController
if #available(iOS 14.0, *) {
picker = UIDocumentPickerViewController(forOpeningContentTypes: [.data, .text, .image, .movie, .audio])
} else {
picker = UIDocumentPickerViewController(documentTypes: [
"public.data",
"public.text",
"public.image",
"public.movie",
"public.audio"
], in: .import)
}
picker.delegate = self
picker.allowsMultipleSelection = false
fileUploadCallback = { url in
if let url = url {
completionHandler([url])
} else {
completionHandler(nil)
}
}
present(picker, animated: true)
}
}
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Handling WebView Messages
extension WebViewBridge: WKScriptMessageHandler {
func userContentController(_ userContentController: WKUserContentController, didReceive message: WKScriptMessage) {
guard message.name == "agentWebBridge",
let messageBody = message.body as? String else {
return
}
do {
guard let data = messageBody.data(using: .utf8),
let jsonObject = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as? [String: Any],
let eventType = jsonObject["eventType"] as? String else {
return
}
let eventData = jsonObject["data"] as? [String: Any] ?? [:]
// 根据事件类型分发处理
DispatchQueue.main.async { [weak self] in
guard let self = self else { return }
switch eventType {
case WebViewBridge.EVENT_CLICK:
self.delegate?.onClickEvent(data: eventData)
case WebViewBridge.EVENT_MESSAGE:
self.delegate?.onMessageEvent(data: eventData)
default:
self.delegate?.onUnhandledEvent(eventType: eventType, data: eventData)
}
}
} catch {
print("Error parsing H5 message: \(error.localizedDescription)")
}
}
}
extension WebViewBridge: WKScriptMessageHandler {
func userContentController(_ userContentController: WKUserContentController, didReceive message: WKScriptMessage) {
guard message.name == "agentWebBridge",
let messageBody = message.body as? String else {
return
}
do {
guard let data = messageBody.data(using: .utf8),
let jsonObject = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as? [String: Any],
let eventType = jsonObject["eventType"] as? String else {
return
}
let eventData = jsonObject["data"] as? [String: Any] ?? [:]
// 根据事件类型分发处理
DispatchQueue.main.async { [weak self] in
guard let self = self else { return }
switch eventType {
case WebViewBridge.EVENT_CLICK:
self.delegate?.onClickEvent(data: eventData)
case WebViewBridge.EVENT_MESSAGE:
self.delegate?.onMessageEvent(data: eventData)
default:
self.delegate?.onUnhandledEvent(eventType: eventType, data: eventData)
}
}
} catch {
print("Error parsing H5 message: \(error.localizedDescription)")
}
}
}
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FAQ
1. The WebView Fails to Load the Page
- Check the network connection
- Confirm that the NSAppTransportSecurity configuration in Info.plist is correct
- Verify that the URL format is correct
2. Permission Request Is Denied
- Make sure all necessary permission descriptions are added to Info.plist
- Guide users to manually enable permissions in the device settings
3. JavaScript Interaction Fails
- Make sure the WebViewBridge correctly registers the JavaScript interface
- Check whether the JavaScript message format matches expectations
- Use Safari Developer Tools to debug JavaScript errors in the WebView
4. File Upload Issues
- For versions below iOS 14, make sure you use the correct document type identifiers
- Make sure the app has sufficient permissions to access the photo library and file system
- Handle the lifecycle of file URLs to ensure the URL is still valid when used
