iOS 工作區整合指南
iOS 工作區整合指南
本指南提供詳細指導,協助您將 GPTBots 工作區整合至 iOS 應用程式,包括權限請求、原生與 H5(HTML5)互動,以及其他相關配置。
GPTBots 亦提供工作區 DEMO 專案,協助您快速上手。iOS DEMO 專案:iOS DEMO Project
基本配置需求
- iOS 13.0 或以上版本
- Xcode 12.0 或以上版本
- Swift 5.0 或以上版本
添加所需框架
專案需引入以下框架:
- WebKit(網頁視圖)
- AVFoundation(麥克風存取)
- Photos(照片庫存取)
- MobileCoreServices(檔案選擇)
針對 iOS 14 及以上版本,也可使用:
#if canImport(UniformTypeIdentifiers)
import UniformTypeIdentifiers
#endif
#if canImport(UniformTypeIdentifiers)
import UniformTypeIdentifiers
#endif
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配置 Info.plist
於 Info.plist 加入以下設定:
<!-- 允許 HTTP 請求 -->
<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
<key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key>
<true/>
<key>NSExceptionDomains</key>
<dict>
<key>gptbots-auto.qa.jpushoa.com</key>
<dict>
<key>NSExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPLoads</key>
<true/>
<key>NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion</key>
<string>TLSv1.0</string>
<key>NSIncludesSubdomains</key>
<true/>
</dict>
</dict>
</dict>
<!-- 允許 HTTP 請求 -->
<key>NSAppTransportSecurity</key>
<dict>
<key>NSAllowsArbitraryLoads</key>
<true/>
<key>NSExceptionDomains</key>
<dict>
<key>gptbots-auto.qa.jpushoa.com</key>
<dict>
<key>NSExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPLoads</key>
<true/>
<key>NSExceptionMinimumTLSVersion</key>
<string>TLSv1.0</string>
<key>NSIncludesSubdomains</key>
<true/>
</dict>
</dict>
</dict>
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權限配置
應用程式需申請以下權限:
相機權限
<key>NSCameraUsageDescription</key>
<string>此應用程式需要使用相機以支援網頁中的拍照功能</string>
<key>NSCameraUsageDescription</key>
<string>此應用程式需要使用相機以支援網頁中的拍照功能</string>
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麥克風權限
<key>NSMicrophoneUsageDescription</key>
<string>此應用程式需要使用麥克風以支援網頁中的音訊錄製功能</string>
<key>NSMicrophoneUsageDescription</key>
<string>此應用程式需要使用麥克風以支援網頁中的音訊錄製功能</string>
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照片庫權限
<key>NSPhotoLibraryUsageDescription</key>
<string>此應用程式需要存取您的照片庫,以選擇圖片和影片檔案</string>
<key>NSPhotoLibraryUsageDescription</key>
<string>此應用程式需要存取您的照片庫,以選擇圖片和影片檔案</string>
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檔案訪問權限
<key>NSDocumentUsageDescription</key>
<string>此應用程式需要存取檔案,以支援網頁中的檔案上傳功能</string>
<key>NSDocumentUsageDescription</key>
<string>此應用程式需要存取檔案,以支援網頁中的檔案上傳功能</string>
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原生與 WebView(網頁視圖)互動
建立 WebView 控制器
建立專屬控制器以顯示 WebView:
class WebViewController: UIViewController {
private var webView: WKWebView!
private var webViewBridge: WebViewBridge!
var urlString: String = ""
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
setupWebView()
setupWebViewBridge()
loadURL()
}
private func setupWebView() {
let configuration = WKWebViewConfiguration()
configuration.allowsInlineMediaPlayback = true
configuration.mediaTypesRequiringUserActionForPlayback = []
configuration.applicationNameForUserAgent = "WebViewApp/1.0"
webView = WKWebView(frame: view.bounds, configuration: configuration)
webView.autoresizingMask = [.flexibleWidth, .flexibleHeight]
webView.navigationDelegate = self
webView.uiDelegate = self
view.addSubview(webView)
}
private func loadURL() {
guard !urlString.isEmpty, let url = URL(string: urlString) else {
return
}
let request = URLRequest(url: url)
webView.load(request)
}
}
class WebViewController: UIViewController {
private var webView: WKWebView!
private var webViewBridge: WebViewBridge!
var urlString: String = ""
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
setupWebView()
setupWebViewBridge()
loadURL()
}
private func setupWebView() {
let configuration = WKWebViewConfiguration()
configuration.allowsInlineMediaPlayback = true
configuration.mediaTypesRequiringUserActionForPlayback = []
configuration.applicationNameForUserAgent = "WebViewApp/1.0"
webView = WKWebView(frame: view.bounds, configuration: configuration)
webView.autoresizingMask = [.flexibleWidth, .flexibleHeight]
webView.navigationDelegate = self
webView.uiDelegate = self
view.addSubview(webView)
}
private func loadURL() {
guard !urlString.isEmpty, let url = URL(string: urlString) else {
return
}
let request = URLRequest(url: url)
webView.load(request)
}
}
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實作 JavaScript Bridge(JavaScript 橋接)
建立橋接類別,處理原生與 JavaScript 間的訊息傳遞:
class WebViewBridge: NSObject {
static let EVENT_CLICK = "click"
static let EVENT_MESSAGE = "message"
private weak var webView: WKWebView?
weak var delegate: WebViewBridgeDelegate?
init(webView: WKWebView, viewController: UIViewController) {
self.webView = webView
super.init()
}
func registerJSInterface() {
webView?.configuration.userContentController.add(self, name: "agentWebBridge")
}
func callH5(eventType: String, data: [String: Any]) {
let message: [String: Any] = [
"eventType": eventType,
"data": data
]
if let jsonData = try? JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: message),
let jsonString = String(data: jsonData, encoding: .utf8) {
let escapedJson = jsonString
.replacingOccurrences(of: "\\", with: "\\\\")
.replacingOccurrences(of: "'", with: "\\'")
.replacingOccurrences(of: "\"", with: "\\\"")
let jsCode = "window.onCallH5Message('\(escapedJson)')"
webView?.evaluateJavaScript(jsCode)
}
}
}
class WebViewBridge: NSObject {
static let EVENT_CLICK = "click"
static let EVENT_MESSAGE = "message"
private weak var webView: WKWebView?
weak var delegate: WebViewBridgeDelegate?
init(webView: WKWebView, viewController: UIViewController) {
self.webView = webView
super.init()
}
func registerJSInterface() {
webView?.configuration.userContentController.add(self, name: "agentWebBridge")
}
func callH5(eventType: String, data: [String: Any]) {
let message: [String: Any] = [
"eventType": eventType,
"data": data
]
if let jsonData = try? JSONSerialization.data(withJSONObject: message),
let jsonString = String(data: jsonData, encoding: .utf8) {
let escapedJson = jsonString
.replacingOccurrences(of: "\\", with: "\\\\")
.replacingOccurrences(of: "'", with: "\\'")
.replacingOccurrences(of: "\"", with: "\\\"")
let jsCode = "window.onCallH5Message('\(escapedJson)')"
webView?.evaluateJavaScript(jsCode)
}
}
}
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實作 WebView 委託方法
實作必要的 WebView 委託方法,處理檔案選擇、權限請求等:
extension WebViewController: WKUIDelegate {
// 處理檔案上傳
@available(iOS 18.4, *)
func webView(_ webView: WKWebView, runOpenPanelWith parameters: WKOpenPanelParameters,
initiatedByFrame frame: WKFrameInfo, completionHandler: @escaping ([URL]?) -> Void) {
let alert = UIAlertController(title: "選擇檔案", message: nil, preferredStyle: .actionSheet)
alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "從照片選擇", style: .default) { _ in
self.presentImagePicker(completionHandler: completionHandler)
})
alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "從檔案選擇", style: .default) { _ in
self.presentDocumentPicker(completionHandler: completionHandler)
})
alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "取消", style: .cancel) { _ in
completionHandler(nil)
})
present(alert, animated: true)
}
// 處理媒體權限請求
@available(iOS 15.0, *)
func webView(_ webView: WKWebView, requestMediaCapturePermissionFor origin: WKSecurityOrigin,
initiatedByFrame frame: WKFrameInfo, type: WKMediaCaptureType,
decisionHandler: @escaping (WKPermissionDecision) -> Void) {
switch type {
case .microphone:
// 檢查麥克風權限
switch AVAudioSession.sharedInstance().recordPermission {
case .granted:
decisionHandler(.grant)
case .denied:
decisionHandler(.deny)
case .undetermined:
AVAudioSession.sharedInstance().requestRecordPermission { granted in
DispatchQueue.main.async {
if granted {
decisionHandler(.grant)
} else {
decisionHandler(.deny)
}
}
}
@unknown default:
decisionHandler(.deny)
}
case .camera, .cameraAndMicrophone:
decisionHandler(.grant)
@unknown default:
decisionHandler(.deny)
}
}
}
extension WebViewController: WKUIDelegate {
// 處理檔案上傳
@available(iOS 18.4, *)
func webView(_ webView: WKWebView, runOpenPanelWith parameters: WKOpenPanelParameters,
initiatedByFrame frame: WKFrameInfo, completionHandler: @escaping ([URL]?) -> Void) {
let alert = UIAlertController(title: "選擇檔案", message: nil, preferredStyle: .actionSheet)
alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "從照片選擇", style: .default) { _ in
self.presentImagePicker(completionHandler: completionHandler)
})
alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "從檔案選擇", style: .default) { _ in
self.presentDocumentPicker(completionHandler: completionHandler)
})
alert.addAction(UIAlertAction(title: "取消", style: .cancel) { _ in
completionHandler(nil)
})
present(alert, animated: true)
}
// 處理媒體權限請求
@available(iOS 15.0, *)
func webView(_ webView: WKWebView, requestMediaCapturePermissionFor origin: WKSecurityOrigin,
initiatedByFrame frame: WKFrameInfo, type: WKMediaCaptureType,
decisionHandler: @escaping (WKPermissionDecision) -> Void) {
switch type {
case .microphone:
// 檢查麥克風權限
switch AVAudioSession.sharedInstance().recordPermission {
case .granted:
decisionHandler(.grant)
case .denied:
decisionHandler(.deny)
case .undetermined:
AVAudioSession.sharedInstance().requestRecordPermission { granted in
DispatchQueue.main.async {
if granted {
decisionHandler(.grant)
} else {
decisionHandler(.deny)
}
}
}
@unknown default:
decisionHandler(.deny)
}
case .camera, .cameraAndMicrophone:
decisionHandler(.grant)
@unknown default:
decisionHandler(.deny)
}
}
}
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實作檔案選擇功能
extension WebViewController {
private func presentImagePicker(completionHandler: @escaping ([URL]?) -> Void) {
let picker = UIImagePickerController()
picker.delegate = self
picker.sourceType = .photoLibrary
picker.mediaTypes = ["public.image", "public.movie"]
fileUploadCallback = { url in
if let url = url {
completionHandler([url])
} else {
completionHandler(nil)
}
}
present(picker, animated: true)
}
private func presentDocumentPicker(completionHandler: @escaping ([URL]?) -> Void) {
let picker: UIDocumentPickerViewController
if #available(iOS 14.0, *) {
picker = UIDocumentPickerViewController(forOpeningContentTypes: [.data, .text, .image, .movie, .audio])
} else {
picker = UIDocumentPickerViewController(documentTypes: [
"public.data",
"public.text",
"public.image",
"public.movie",
"public.audio"
], in: .import)
}
picker.delegate = self
picker.allowsMultipleSelection = false
fileUploadCallback = { url in
if let url = url {
completionHandler([url])
} else {
completionHandler(nil)
}
}
present(picker, animated: true)
}
}
extension WebViewController {
private func presentImagePicker(completionHandler: @escaping ([URL]?) -> Void) {
let picker = UIImagePickerController()
picker.delegate = self
picker.sourceType = .photoLibrary
picker.mediaTypes = ["public.image", "public.movie"]
fileUploadCallback = { url in
if let url = url {
completionHandler([url])
} else {
completionHandler(nil)
}
}
present(picker, animated: true)
}
private func presentDocumentPicker(completionHandler: @escaping ([URL]?) -> Void) {
let picker: UIDocumentPickerViewController
if #available(iOS 14.0, *) {
picker = UIDocumentPickerViewController(forOpeningContentTypes: [.data, .text, .image, .movie, .audio])
} else {
picker = UIDocumentPickerViewController(documentTypes: [
"public.data",
"public.text",
"public.image",
"public.movie",
"public.audio"
], in: .import)
}
picker.delegate = self
picker.allowsMultipleSelection = false
fileUploadCallback = { url in
if let url = url {
completionHandler([url])
} else {
completionHandler(nil)
}
}
present(picker, animated: true)
}
}
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處理 WebView 訊息
extension WebViewBridge: WKScriptMessageHandler {
func userContentController(_ userContentController: WKUserContentController, didReceive message: WKScriptMessage) {
guard message.name == "agentWebBridge",
let messageBody = message.body as? String else {
return
}
do {
guard let data = messageBody.data(using: .utf8),
let jsonObject = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as? [String: Any],
let eventType = jsonObject["eventType"] as? String else {
return
}
let eventData = jsonObject["data"] as? [String: Any] ?? [:]
// 在主執行緒分派事件處理
DispatchQueue.main.async { [weak self] in
guard let self = self else { return }
switch eventType {
case WebViewBridge.EVENT_CLICK:
self.delegate?.onClickEvent(data: eventData)
case WebViewBridge.EVENT_MESSAGE:
self.delegate?.onMessageEvent(data: eventData)
default:
self.delegate?.onUnhandledEvent(eventType: eventType, data: eventData)
}
}
} catch {
print("解析 H5 訊息時發生錯誤:\(error.localizedDescription)")
}
}
}
extension WebViewBridge: WKScriptMessageHandler {
func userContentController(_ userContentController: WKUserContentController, didReceive message: WKScriptMessage) {
guard message.name == "agentWebBridge",
let messageBody = message.body as? String else {
return
}
do {
guard let data = messageBody.data(using: .utf8),
let jsonObject = try JSONSerialization.jsonObject(with: data, options: []) as? [String: Any],
let eventType = jsonObject["eventType"] as? String else {
return
}
let eventData = jsonObject["data"] as? [String: Any] ?? [:]
// 在主執行緒分派事件處理
DispatchQueue.main.async { [weak self] in
guard let self = self else { return }
switch eventType {
case WebViewBridge.EVENT_CLICK:
self.delegate?.onClickEvent(data: eventData)
case WebViewBridge.EVENT_MESSAGE:
self.delegate?.onMessageEvent(data: eventData)
default:
self.delegate?.onUnhandledEvent(eventType: eventType, data: eventData)
}
}
} catch {
print("解析 H5 訊息時發生錯誤:\(error.localizedDescription)")
}
}
}
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疑難排解
1. WebView 無法載入頁面
- 請檢查網路連線。
- 確認 Info.plist 中 NSAppTransportSecurity 設定正確。
- 確認網址格式正確且可正常訪問。
2. 權限請求被拒絕
- 請確認所有必要的 usage-description 鍵已加入 Info.plist。
- 若首次請求被拒,請引導使用者至「設定 > 隱私」手動開啟權限。
3. JavaScript Bridge(JavaScript 橋接)通訊異常
- 請確認 WebViewBridge 已向 WKUserContentController 註冊 JavaScript 介面。
- 驗證來自 JavaScript 的訊息內容是否符合預期 JSON 結構。
- 可利用 Safari 瀏覽器的 Web Inspector(開發者工具)除錯 WKWebView 內的 JavaScript 錯誤。
4. 檔案上傳問題
- iOS 13 及更早版本,請使用正確的 UTI(如 public.image、public.data)呼叫文件選擇器。
- 確認應用已取得照片及檔案存取的必要隱私權限。
- 上傳完成前請保留所選檔案的 URL,避免存取過期的安全範圍 URL。
